Rise of Sumerian civilization in Mesopotamia, invention of writing (cuneiform).
Construction of the Great Pyramids of Giza in Egypt.
Rise of the Indus Valley Civilisation in South Asia.
Babylonian Empire flourishes under Hammurabi, known for his code of laws.
Vedic period in India, associated with the composition of the Rigveda.
The Mahabharata War
The Hittite Empire dominates Anatolia.
Trojan War (possibly around this time, if historical).
Early Iron Age begins, leading to the spread of iron tools and weapons.
First Olympic Games held in ancient Greece.
Birth of major religions and philosophies:
Founding of the Roman Republic.
Death of Alexander the Great; start of the Hellenistic period.
Qin Dynasty unifies China; construction of the Great Wall begins.
Roman Empire flourishes, influencing law, culture, and architecture.